Project Name 02 This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content from the connected collection. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. Next Previous

Project Name 06 This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content from the connected collection. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. Next Previous

Project Name 03 This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content from the connected collection. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. Next Previous

Project Name 05 This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content from the connected collection. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. Next Previous

Project Name 01 This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content from the connected collection. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. Next Previous

Project Name 04 This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content from the connected collection. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. This is a paragraph. It is connected to a CMS collection through a dataset. Click “Edit Text” to update content in the connected CMS collection. The CMS can be used to store website content, or to collect data from site visitors when they submit a form. The CMS collection is already set up with some fields and content. To customize it with your own content, import a CSV file or simply edit this placeholder text from the collection. You can also add more fields, which you can then connect to other page elements to display content on your published site. Next Previous

Psychological training for entrepreneurs to take action: Contributing to poverty reduction in developing countries. Frese, M., Gielnik, M. M., & Mensmann, M. (2016). Current Directions in Psychological Science, 25(3), 196-202. Action and action-regulation in entrepreneurship: Evaluating a student training for promoting entrepreneurship. Gielnik, M. M., Frese, M., et al. (2015). Academy of Management Learning & Education, 14(1), 69-94. Proactive behavior training: Theory, design, and future directions. Mensmann, M. & Frese, M. (2017). In S. K. Parker & U. K. Bindl (Eds.), Proactivity at Work (pp. 434-468). New York: Routledge. (S)training experiences: Toward understanding decreases in entrepreneurial self-efficacy during action-oriented entrepreneurship training. Bohlayer, C. & Gielnik, M. M. (2022). Journal of Business Venturing, 38(1), 106259. Insights into an Action-Oriented Training Program to Promote Sustainable Entrepreneurship. Bohlayer, C. (2023). Insights into an Action-Oriented Training Program to Promote Sustainable Entrepreneurship. In: Halberstadt, J., Alcorta de Bronstein, A., Greyling, J., Bissett, S. (eds) Transforming Entrepreneurship Education. Springer, Cham. Adjusting the sails: Investigating the feedback loop of the opportunity development process in entrepreneurship training. Eller, F. J., Gielnik, M. M., Yeves, J., Alvarado, Y. C., & Guerrero, O. A. (2021). Academy of Management Learning & Education. How can problems be turned into something good? The role of entrepreneurial learning and error mastery orientation. Funken, R., Gielnik, M. M., & Foo, M.-D. (2020). Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 44(2), 315-338. A dynamic account of self-efficacy in entrepreneurship. Gielnik, M. M., Bledow, R., & Stark, M. S. (2020). Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(5), 487-505. How passion in entrepreneurship develops over time: A self-regulation perspective. Lex, M., Gielnik, M. M., Spitzmuller, M., Jacob, G. H., & Frese, M. (2020). Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice. STEP Publications Find out more about the fascinating research behind and around the STEP Training! info@doorways-training.org +49 4134 9099726 Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt Home Doorways About Us Our Projects Success Stories Clients and Partners Contact STEP STEP Impact STEP Projects STEP Success Stories STEP Publications PI PI Impact PI Projects PI Success Stories PI Publications Blog FAQs Support Us © 2023 Doorways gGmbH. All Rights Reserved Terms of Use Imprint +49 4134 9099726 info@doorways-training.org Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt

30% increase in profit after two years for participants of PI Training in Togo ​ 2.7 times higher profit growth for participants of PI T raining in Togo (compared to participants in a traditional business training) 35% increase in the number of employees after one year for participants of PI Training in Uganda 27% increase in sales after one year for entrepreneurs who attended PI Training in Uganda ​ Read More PI Impact The PI Training creates an impact through increasing entrepreneurial success PI TRAINING Impact The impact of Personal Initiative (PI) Training is manifold. First, it changes the mindset of entrepreneurs, which enables them to identify new opportunities, act on them quickly, develop better ideas on how to influence their environment, get more feedback and persist in the pursuit of their new ideas. Second, by providing an effective entrepreneurship training in low- and middle-income economies all over the world, we as implementing partner support the growth of local businesses, and thereby contribute to poverty reduction. Third, we help policy makers and practitioners alike to develop better educational programs for entrepreneurs. The PI Training is based on scientific evidence, and research meets the highest scientific quality standards by utilizing randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs are the only approach that allows to draw causal conclusions and to better understand the conditions and mechanisms by which entrepreneurship trainings affect business success. PI Training has been implemented in the context of several internationally funded research projects in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. PI Training is evaluated using multiple measurement waves. In Togo, for example, its impact was assessed over a period of more than two years. Below, you find some facts and figures from Leuphana University's research in Uganda and Togo (see Glaub et al., 2014; Campos et al., 2017). EXPERIENCES WITH PI What Participants Say ... The training has changed my life more than my business. The Personal Initiative Training opened my eyes, enabling me to grow my business in new and exciting ways. This training is very helpful for me. The business was dying and it has been reactivated because of this training. Just make it available for all business persons, it would make a difference on people first, then on society. I have to say that I am very satisfied with the training and very grateful for giving me the opportunity to participate. Thank you! My wife is so much more passionate about running her own business now. PI Training is like adding fuel to the fire. - A participant's husband PI TRAINING PI Training Projects View all CONTACT Get in Touch Your Name Your Email Address Message I have read and agree to the terms of use . Send info@doorways-training.org +49 4134 9099726 Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt Home Doorways About Us Our Projects Success Stories Clients and Partners Contact STEP STEP Impact STEP Projects STEP Success Stories STEP Publications PI PI Impact PI Projects PI Success Stories PI Publications Blog FAQs Support Us © 2023 Doorways gGmbH. All Rights Reserved Terms of Use Imprint +49 4134 9099726 info@doorways-training.org Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt

TRAINING PROGRAMS STEP Training STEP (Student Training for Entrepreneurial Promotion) is an entrepreneurship training program targeted particularly at young adults with limited or no entrepreneurial experience. It was founded by the Frese Group in 2008 and has since been implemented in partnership with more than two dozen institutions in low- and middle-income countries around the world. Read More TRAINING PROGRAMS PI Training Personal Initiative (PI) Training is a psychological program targeted at entrepreneurs with existing businesses. It has been developed within the Frese Group and been implemented in the context of several internationally funded research projects in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Research indicated that it can be more effective than traditional business training programs. Read More © Erick Khagan and World Bank DOORWAYS PROJECTS Our Projects View All WHO WE WORK WITH Our Clients and Partners - Public Sector CEED at Leuphana University of Lueneburg Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Innovations for Poverty Action (IPA) International Finance Corporation (IFC) The World Bank’s Africa Gender Innovation Lab (GIL) The World Bank’s South Asia Region Gender Innovation Lab (SARGIL) University of Cologne World Food Programme (WFP) Y-RISE AGOVA - Zambia CMT - South Africa Hand In Hand - India IBF International Consulting - Belgium International Management Group - Japan MentorMe - Zambia RTM International - Bangladesh WHO WE WORK WITH Our Clients and Partners - Private Sector OUR TEAM About Us Want to know more about the minds and hearts behind the non-profit organization Doorways? Meet our team and learn more about our vision, mission, and values. Read More CONTACT Get in Touch Your Name Your Email Address Message I have read and agree to the terms of use . Send Welcome to Doorways We are a non-profit organization and we are passionate about creating positive impact via entrepreneurship and empowering people STEP PI What We Do DOORWAYS What We Do We promote entrepreneurship by developing, implementing, and evaluating interventions and training programs that foster entrepreneurial thinking and behavior. In our training programs, we use evidence-based training contents and apply action-oriented training approaches. Read More

PI TRAINING Concept Personal Initiative (PI) means being self-starting, future-thinking, and overcoming barriers. It is a psychological construct which can be developed by changing people’s mindset. PI Training is based on action regulation theory (Frese & Zapf, 1994) which holds that actions are affected by goals, a search for relevant information, plans, and obtaining feedback. The training follows an interactive, action-oriented methodology that allows participants to learn by doing and to immediately apply the content to their own business. A distinguishing element of PI Training is that it is based on scientific evidence. This means that consolidated findings from psychological and entrepreneurship research are translated into so-called action principles. Action principles are rules of thumb that guide entrepreneurs to show (more) Personal Initiative in a very practical and easy-to-grasp manner. With PI Training, goal-setting, searching for information, planning, and feedback is related to each of the three components of Personal Initiative. For example, goals should have a unique component (self-starting) and should be long-term (future-thinking). Back-up plans ensure that entrepreneurs can keep on working toward their goals in spite of obstacles. PI Training combines a top-down (teaching action principles) with a bottom-up approach (learning through action and by making errors). Case studies as well as individual and group activities enable entrepreneurs to apply a proactive mindset to their own businesses already during the training. Moreover, the important role of negative feedback is emphasized because it provides valuable information on how entrepreneurs can improve their businesses. PI Training therefore encourages participants to provide both positive and negative feedback to each other’s ideas, goals, and plans. A good example of how PI Training differs from other entrepreneurship and management trainings is its perspective on sourcing finances for a business project. In the “traditional” training program, participants learn how to keep financial records, they get to know lending products offered at banks, and they learn what is needed to apply for loans. In PI Training, entrepreneurs are taught how to identify and make use of unusual sources of money (self-starting) and how to bootstrap so that they do not rely on external funding in the long run (future-thinking). They also learn to develop a plan B or even plan C in order to be prepared if financial problems occur (overcoming barriers). In short, PI Training rather teaches entrepreneurs how to fish than to give them the fish. PI Training The Personal Initiative (PI) Training is an action-oriented and evidence-based training program that focuses on creating an entrepreneurial mindset and has proven to increase entrepreneurial success. Doorways is a certified provider for PI Training SOME OF OUR PI Projects View all CONTACT Get in Touch Your Name Your Email Address Message I have read and agree to the terms of use . Send info@doorways-training.org +49 4134 9099726 Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt Home Doorways About Us Our Projects Success Stories Clients and Partners Contact STEP STEP Impact STEP Projects STEP Success Stories STEP Publications PI PI Impact PI Projects PI Success Stories PI Publications Blog FAQs Support Us © 2023 Doorways gGmbH. All Rights Reserved Terms of Use Imprint +49 4134 9099726 info@doorways-training.org Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt

Habibou A Success Story from Togo Habibou Ouro-Djobo runs a subcontracting business. For a long time, he lacked confidence in himself and what he was doing. He often gave up at the smallest obstacles. But recently, he has overcome these barriers thanks to the personal development concepts he learned during a Personal Initiative Training. Not only did the course give him fresh motivation, it also gave him the necessary confidence he needed to move ahead on the challenging road to entrepreneurship. ​ “The other business training courses focused merely on the concepts and principles of entrepreneurship. It was more theory than practical knowledge. This was a more dynamic training course, helping us to become engaged by using personal development techniques,” he explains. ​ Habibou has become much more structured and methodical in his work and is aiming to professionalize his business. “During the training we were taught to set objectives for ourselves and how to rise to the challenges we might eventually face. Since then, I have tried to build relationships that can be useful to me in the future. In the past, that was something I didn’t do,” he adds. Today, he honors all of his commitments and works to enhance his credibility with his partners. His ambition is to see his business grow and to leave the subcontracting field in order to bid on projects himself. He believes that he now has the key to achieving that. Success Story of Leila Success Story of Akouélé info@doorways-training.org +49 4134 9099726 Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt Home Doorways About Us Our Projects Success Stories Clients and Partners Contact STEP STEP Impact STEP Projects STEP Success Stories STEP Publications PI PI Impact PI Projects PI Success Stories PI Publications Blog FAQs Support Us © 2023 Doorways gGmbH. All Rights Reserved Terms of Use Imprint +49 4134 9099726 info@doorways-training.org Wiesenweg 2 21406 Barnstedt

PI Training for Farmers MOZAMBIQUE CLIENT: MUVA DONOR: WORLD FOOD PROGRAMME (WFP) ​ Description of project: In a WFP funded project we adjusted the Personal Initiative (PI) Training curriculum for small-scale farmers and trained local trainers in the provinces of Nampula and Cabo Delgado. The Training of Trainer (ToT) workshops were conducted both virtually and on-site. Follow-up mentoring and coaching of the trainers aims to ensure a high quality implementation of the PI Training. PI Training for MSMEs STEP Sustainability